目的：本文目的在系統性地回顧虛擬實境應用於中風後上肢功能復健的相關文獻，並提供相關研究證據力層級，以供復健人員臨床與研究之參考。方法：經由PubMed、Medline、CINAHL及Scopus等文獻搜尋引擎，鍵入關鍵字stroke/hemiplegia、rehabilitation、upperlimb、virtualreality/virtual environment，搜尋至2009年4月為止，以虛擬實境治療為偏癱上肢介入方案，且須包含上肢具體動作訓練過程為篩選條件。結果：本回顧共收錄22篇文獻，亞急性至慢性、輕中度至重度中風病患經虛擬實境上肢訓練後都有所改善，尤其對輕中度中風病患效果較佳，療效大多呈現在身體功能層級上，包括動作表現、動作基本能力、動作功能；在日常生活活動的執行及參與度層級也都獲得改善，只是研究較少。結論：虛擬實境訓練可改善身體功能，提升日常生活功能與參與度，本文建議復健人員可提供虛擬實境訓練予輕中度上肢動作功能損傷的中風病患，輔助其上肢復健。然而，本文所回顧的文獻證據力層級偏低，未來仍需含有控制組及大量樣本數的研究，以提升虛擬實境訓練的臨床應用價值。

Objective: This paper systematically reviewed the literature examining the effectiveness of Virtual reality (VR) on functional recovery of the upper extremities following stroke, and provides levels of evidence with respect to these empirical findings. Methods: PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, and Scopus databases dated to April 2009 were searched to identify relevant studies. The key words were stroke/hemiplegia、rehabilitation、upper limb、virtual reality/virtual environment. The criteria for inclusion in this study were the inclusion of VR therapy as an intervention approach in the empirical study and the trial had to include upper limb motor training process. Results: Twenty-two eligible studies were included and analyed. Patients with mild-to-moderate to severe upper limb motor impairment at subacute to chronic stage can benefit from VR. In general, the patients that were trained in VR environments showed significant improvements at the level of body structure and function, including movement performance, movement capability, and motor function. Outcomes in the aspects of activity of daily living (Functional Independence Measure) and participation could be improved, but only two researches studied these two aspects. Conclusion: VR could improve body structure and functions, daily function and activity participation in patients with stroke. Stroke patients with mild-to-moderate upper limb motor impairment were found to benefit from upper extremity training using VR technology. However, levels of evidence of studies reviewed are low. More researches with control groups and larger sample sizes are needed.