目的：探討臺灣職能治療人員對於實證職能治療的觀感，目前實行實證職能治療的現況以及障礙因素。方法：148位出席2008年第三屆職能治療師公會全國聯合會學術研討會的會員完成問卷填答（回收率45.4%）。以描述性統計記錄人口學資料，將資料整理分析出12個應用實證職能治療的最主要障礙，以及5個在臨床工作上推廣實證職能治療的方法。結果：多數填答者對實證職能治療的歡迎程度為中等，並認同實證職能治療有助於對個案的照顧。填答者對於了解和使用實證相關資料庫的程度為中等（57.6%知道實證醫學系統評論資料庫[The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews]）。85.1%的填答者在工作場所可以連用和實證醫學相關的資料庫，95.0%可以連用網際網路。本研究發現實行實證職能治療的主要障礙為人員缺乏時間。填答者認為將實證職能治療應用在臨床治療上最合適的方法為使用同事或他人發展的實證治療指引或方案。結論：為落實臺灣的實證職能治療，應協助從業人員有效使用電子資料庫資源，並透過同儕討論來尋求臨床實務指引，以克服推廣實證職能治療的障礙。

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the attitudes of occupational therapy practitioners towards evidence-based occupational therapy (EBOT) and identify the barriers to implementation of evidence-based practice in Taiwan. Methods: A total of 148 delegates of the 3rd Occupational Therapists' Union of Taiwan (45.4% response rate) completed a questionnaire. The demographic data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. We identified 12 barriers to EBOT and proposed five approaches to improving the situations. Results: Overall, the majority of the respondents welcomed EBOT in the moderate level and agreed that its practice improves patient care. They had a moderate level of awareness of electronic databases of evidence-based literature (57.6% knew of the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews). As high as 85.1% and 95.0% had access to databases of EBOT and the world wide web, respectively. The major perceived barrier to practicing EBOT was lack of personal time. The respondents felt the most appropriate way to moving towards EBOT was using evidence-based guidelines or proposals developed by colleagues. Conclusion: In order to implement EBOT in Taiwan and overcome the barriers, actions should be taken to facilitate effective and efficient use of electronic databases and develop guidelines of evidence-based practice.